The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress


LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON CONTROL OF THE ENTRY AND EXIT OF ALIENS

(Adopted at the 13th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 31 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on November 22, 1985, and
effective as of February 1, 1986)

Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Entry into the Country
Chapter III Residence
Chapter IV Travel
Chapter V Exit from the Country
Chapter VI Administrative Organs
Chapter VII Penalties
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to safeguarding the sovereignty of the
People's Republic of China, maintaining its security and public order and
facilitating international exchange.
This Law is applicable to aliens entering, leaving and transiting the
territory of the People's Republic of China and to those residing and
travelling in China.
Article 2
Aliens must obtain the permission of the competent authorities of the
Chinese Government in order to enter, transit or reside in China.
Article 3
For entry, exit and transit, aliens must pass through ports open to aliens
or other designated ports and must be subject to inspection by the
frontier inspection offices. For entry, exit and transit, foreign-owned
means of transport must pass through ports open to aliens or other
designated ports and must be subject to inspection and supervision by the
frontier inspection offices.
Article 4
The Chinese Government shall protect the lawful rights and interests of
aliens on Chinese territory.
Freedom of the person of aliens is inviolable. No alien may be arrested
except with the approval or by decision of a people's procuratorate or by
decision of a people's court, and arrest must be made by a public security
organ or state security organ.
Article 5
Aliens in China must abide by Chinese laws and may not endanger the state
security of China, harm public interests or disrupt public order.

Chapter II Entry into the Country
Article 6
For entry into China, aliens shall apply for visas from Chinese diplomatic
missions, consular offices or other resident agencies abroad authorized by
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In specific situations aliens may, in
compliance with the provisions of the State Council, apply for visas to
visa-granting offices at ports designated by the competent authorities of
the Chinese Government.
The entry of nationals from countries having visa agreements with the
Chinese Government shall be handled in accordance with those agreements.
In cases where another country has special provisions for Chinese citizens
entering and transiting that country, the competent authorities of the
Chinese Government may adopt reciprocal measures contingent on the
circumstances.
Visas are not required for aliens in immediate transit on connected
international flights who hold passenger tickets and stay for no more than
24 hours in China entirely within airport boundaries. Anyone desiring to
leave the airport temporarily must obtain permission from the frontier
inspection office.
Article 7
When applying for various kinds of visas, aliens shall present valid
passports and, if necessary, provide pertinent evidence.
Article 8
Aliens who have been invited or hired to work in China shall, when
applying for visas, produce evidence of the invitation or employment.
Article 9
Aliens desiring to reside permanently in China shall, when applying for
visas, present status-of-residence identification forms. Applicants may
obtain such forms from public security organs at the place where they
intend to reside.
Article 10
The competent authorities of the Chinese Government shall issue
appropriate visas to aliens according to the purposes stated in their
entry applications.
Article 11
When an aircraft or a vessel navigating international routes arrives at a
Chinese port, the captain or his agent must submit a passenger name list
to the frontier inspection office; a foreign aircraft or vessel must also
provide a name list of its crew members.
Article 12
Aliens who are considered a possible threat to China's state security and
public order shall not be permitted to enter China.

Chapter III Residence
Article 13
For residence in China, aliens must possess identification papers or
residence certificates issued by the competent authorizes of the Chinese
Government. The term of validity of identification papers or residence
certificates shall be determined according to the purposes of entry.
Aliens residing in China shall submit their certificates to the local
public security organs for examination within the prescribed period of
time.
Article 14
Aliens who, in compliance with Chinese laws, find it necessary to
establish prolonged residence in China for the purpose of investing in
China or engaging in cooperative projects with Chinese enterprises or
institutions in the economic, scientific, technological and cultural
fields, or for other purposes, are eligible for prolonged or permanent
residence in China upon approval by the competent authorities of the
Chinese Government.
Article 15
Aliens who seek asylum for political reasons shall be permitted to reside
in China upon approval by the competent authorities of the Chinese
Government.
Article 16
Aliens who fail to abide by Chinese laws may have their period of stay in
China curtailed or their status of residence in China annulled by the
competent authorities of the Chinese Government.
Article 17
For a temporary overnight stay in China, aliens shall complete
registration procedures pursuant to the relevant provisions.
Article 18
Aliens holding residence certificates who wish to change their place of
residence in China must complete removal formalities pursuant to the
relevant provisions.
Article 19
Aliens who have not acquired residence certificates or who are on a study
programme in China may not seek employment in China without permission of
the competent authorities of the Chinese Government.

Chapter IV Travel
Article 20
Aliens who hold valid visas or residence certificates may travel to places
open to aliens as designated by the Chinese Government.
Article 21
Aliens desiring to travel to places closed to aliens must apply to local
public security organs for travel permits.

Chapter V Exit from the Country
Article 22
For exit from China, aliens shall present their valid passports or other
valid certificates.
Article 23
Aliens belonging to any of the following categories shall not be allowed
to leave China:
(1) defendants in criminal cases or criminal suspects confirmed by a
public security organ, a people's procuratorate or a people's court;
(2) persons who, as notified by a people's court, shall be denied exit
owing to involvement in unresolved civil cases; and
(3) persons who have committed other acts in violation of Chinese law who
have not been dealt with and against whom the competent authorities
consider it necessary to institute prosecution.
Article 24
Frontier inspection offices shall have the power to stop aliens belonging
to any of the following categories from leaving the country and to deal
with them according to law:
(1) holders of invalid exit certificates;
(2) holders of exit certificates other than their own; and
(3) holders of forged or altered exit certificates.

Chapter VI Administrative Organs
Article 25
China's diplomatic missions, consular offices and other resident agencies
abroad authorized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall be the Chinese
Government's agencies abroad to handle aliens' applications for entry and
transit.
The Ministry of Public Security, its authorized local public security
organs, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and its authorized local foreign
affairs departments shall be the Chinese Government's agencies in China to
handle aliens' applications for entry, transit, residence and travel.
Article 26
The authorities handling aliens' applications for entry, transit,
residence and travel shall have the power to refuse to issue visas and
certificates or to cancel visas and certificates already issued or declare
them invalid.
The Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs may,
when necessary, alter decisions made by their respectively authorized
agencies.
Article 27
An alien who enters or resides in China illegally may be detained for
examination or be subjected to residential surveillance or deportation by
a public security organ at or above the county level.
Article 28
While performing their duties, foreign affairs police of the public
security organs at or above the county level shall have the power to
examine the passports and other certificates of aliens. When conducting
such examinations, the foreign affairs police shall produce their own
service certificates, and relevant organizations or individuals shall have
the duty to offer them assistance.

Chapter VII Penalties
Article 29
If a person, in violation of the provisions of this Law, enters or leaves
China illegally, establishes illegal residence or makes an illegal
stopover in China, travels to places closed to aliens without a valid
travel document, forges or alters an entry or exit certificate, uses
another person's certificate as his own or transfers his certificate, he
may be penalized by a public security organ at or above the county level
with a warning, a fine or detention for not more than ten days. If the
circumstances of the case are serious enough to constitute a crime,
criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the law.
If an alien subject to a fine or detention by a public security organ
refuses to accept the penalty, he may, within 15 days of receiving
notification, appeal to the public security organ at the next higher
level, which shall make the final decision; he may also directly file suit
in the local people's court.
Article 30
In cases where a person commits any of the acts stated in Article 29 of
this Law, if the circumstances are serious, the Ministry of Public
Security may impose a penalty by ordering him to leave the country within
a certain time or may expel him from the country.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 31
For the purposes of this Law the term "alien" means any person not holding
Chinese nationality according to the Nationality Law of the People's
Republic of China.
Article 32
Transistory entry into and exit from China by aliens who are nationals of
a country adjacent to China and who reside in areas bordering on China
shall be handled according to any relevant agreements between the two
countries or, in the absence of such agreements, according to the relevant
provisions of the Chinese Government.
Article 33
The Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall,
pursuant to this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which shall
go into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 34
Affairs concerning members of foreign diplomatic missions and consular
offices in the People's Republic of China and other aliens who enjoy
diplomatic privileges and immunities, after their entry into China, shall
be administered in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State
Council and its competent departments.
Article 35
This Law shall go into effect on February 1, 1986.




Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

卫生部


卫生部关于印发《食品卫生许可证管理办法》的通知

为贯彻落实《国务院关于进一步加强食品安全工作的决定》和《中编办关于进一步明确食品安全监管部门职责分工有关问题的通知》精神，进一步规范食品卫生许可证的管理，保障卫生行政部门有效实施食品卫生监督管理，维护正常的食品生产经营秩序，保护消费者健康，我部制定了《食品卫生许可证管理办法》。现印发给你们，请遵照执行。







二ＯＯ五年十二月二十五日

食品卫生许可证管理办法

第一章 总 则
第一条 为规范食品卫生许可证的申请与发放，保障卫生行政部门有效实施食品卫生监督管理，维护正常的食品生产经营秩序，保护消费者健康，根据《中华人民共和国食品卫生法》（以下简称《食品卫生法》）、《中华人民共和国行政许可法》等有关法律法规的规定，制定本办法。
第二条 任何单位和个人从事食品生产经营活动，应当向卫生行政部门申报，并按照规定办理卫生许可证申请手续;经卫生行政部门审查批准后方可从事食品生产经营活动，并承担食品生产经营的食品卫生责任。
第三条 地方人民政府卫生行政部门遵守本办法，对食品生产经营者发放卫生许可证。
第四条 食品添加剂、保健食品和新资源食品生产企业生产活动的卫生许可，由省级卫生行政部门发放卫生许可证。
其他食品生产经营者生产经营活动的卫生许可证由省级、设区的市级、县级卫生行政部门根据《关于卫生监督体系建设的若干规定》确定的职责范围发放。
地方性法规或省级人民政府规章对发放卫生许可证的卫生行政部门级别做出明确规定的，依照其规定。
第五条 卫生行政部门发放卫生许可证，必须严格按照法律、法规和规章规定的权限、范围、条件与程序，遵循公开、公平、公正、便民原则。
第六条 地方人民政府卫生行政部门应当建立卫生许可证信息管理制度，定期公告取得或者注销卫生许可证的食品生产经营者名录。
第七条 地方人民政府卫生行政部门应当建立健全发放卫生许可证的监督制度，加强对卫生行政部门内部发放卫生许可证的监督检查。
第八条 各级卫生行政部门不得采取备案、登记、注册等方式重复或者变相重复设置食品卫生许可。
第九条 任何单位和个人对卫生许可证发放和管理过程中的违法行为有权进行举报，卫生行政部门应当及时核实、处理。
第十条 卫生行政部门实施食品卫生许可所需经费，应当列入本行政机关预算。按照规定可以收费的，应当按照公布的法定项目和收费标准收取，所收缴的费用全部上缴国库。

第二章 卫生许可证申请
第十一条 任何从事食品生产经营活动的单位和个人申请卫生许可证的，应当符合相应的食品卫生法律、法规、规章、标准和规范的要求，具有与其食品生产经营活动相适应的条件。
第十二条 申请从事食品生产加工的，必须具备以下条件：
（一）具有卫生管理制度、组织和经过专业培训的专兼职食品卫生管理人员；
（二）具有与食品生产加工相适应的、符合卫生要求的厂房、
设施、设备和环境；
（三）具有在工艺流程和生产加工过程中控制污染的条件和措施；
（四）具有符合卫生要求的生产用原、辅材料、工具、容器及包装物料；
（五）具有能对食品进行检测的机构、人员以及必要的仪器设备；
（六）从业人员经过上岗前培训、健康检查合格；
（七）省级卫生行政部门规定的其他条件。
第十三条 申请从事食品经营的，必须具备以下条件：
（一） 具有卫生管理制度、组织和经过专业培训的专兼职食品
卫生管理人员；
（二）具有与食品经营相适应的、符合卫生要求的营业场所、设施、设备和环境；
（三）具有在食品贮藏、运输和销售过程中控制污染的条件和措施；
（四）从业人员经过上岗前培训、健康检查合格；
（五）省级卫生行政部门规定的其他条件。
第十四条 申请从事餐饮业和食堂经营的，必须具备以下条件：
（一）具有卫生管理制度、组织和经过专业培训的专兼职食品
卫生管理人员；
（二）具有符合卫生条件和要求的加工经营场所、清洗、消毒等卫生设施、设备；
（二） 具有在食品采购、贮存、加工制作过程中控制污染的条
件和措施；
（四）从业人员经过上岗前培训、健康检查合格；
（五）省级卫生行政部门规定的其他条件。
第十五条 申请卫生许可证所提交的材料，应当真实、完整，具体要求由省级卫生行政部门统一规定。

第三章 卫生许可证发放审查
第十六条 卫生行政部门对食品生产经营者提出的卫生许可证申请，应当在规定的期限内，按照法定的权限、范围、条件与程序，对其必须具备的生产经营条件进行量化评分和审查。必要时，可以要求其提供卫生检验检测报告。
第十七条 卫生行政部门对卫生许可证申请的审查应当包括对申请材料的书面审查和现场实地审查。
省级卫生行政部门受理的卫生许可证申请，可以委托设区的市级卫生行政部门进行现场实地审查。
第十八条 卫生行政部门对食品生产加工者申请卫生许可证的审查内容包括：
（一）卫生管理制度、组织和经过专业培训的专兼职食品卫
生管理人员设置情况；
（二）厂房、选址、布局设计、环境卫生状况及设施设备设置运行情况；
（三）工艺流程和生产过程中的污染控制措施；
（四）生产用原、辅材料、工具、容器及包装物料卫生状况；
（五）产品检验设施与能力；
（六）从业人员健康检查情况；
（七）省级卫生行政部门规定的其他内容。
第十九条 卫生行政部门对食品经营者申请卫生许可证的审查内容包括：
（一）卫生管理制度、组织和经过专业培训的专兼职食品卫生管理人员设置情况；
（二）贮存、运输和营业场所选址、面积、布局、环境卫生状况及供水、防尘防鼠防虫害、专间等设施设备设置运行情况；
（三）食品采购、贮藏、运输和销售过程中污染控制措施；
（四）从业人员健康检查情况；
（五）省级卫生行政部门规定的其他内容。
第二十条 卫生行政部门对餐饮业、食堂经营者申请卫生许可证的审查内容：
（一）卫生管理制度、组织和经过专业培训的专兼职食品卫生管理人员设置情况；
（二）食品加工经营场所的选址、环境、建筑结构、布局、分隔、面积等情况；
（三）厕所、加工制作专间、更衣室、库房、供水、通风、采光、防尘防鼠防虫害、废弃物存放、清洗、消毒、餐用具等卫生设施和设备设置情况；
（四）食品采购、贮存、加工制作及供餐等操作过程中的污染控制措施；
（五）从业人员健康检查情况；
（六）省级卫生行政部门规定的其他内容。
第二十一条 申请卫生许可证的食品生产经营者，其实施食品卫生监督量化分级管理制度评分应达到总分60%以上。
第二十二条 卫生行政部门对符合发放条件的食品生产经营者颁发食品卫生许可证。不予发证的，应当书面说明理由，并告知申请人依法享有的申请行政复议或者提起行政诉讼的权利。
第二十三条 卫生行政部门对未达到卫生许可证发放条件的食品生产经营者，应当提出整改意见；对学校食堂、建筑工地食堂的整改意见，还应当及时通报教育、建设主管部门，提请有关主管部门督促整改。
学校食堂、建筑工地食堂经限期整改仍达不到卫生许可证发放条件的，经教育、建设主管部门同意，可以适当延长整改期限，达到发放条件的方可发放卫生许可证。
第二十四条 食品生产经营者因违反食品卫生法规，被处以吊销卫生许可证的，其法定代表人或者主要负责人三年内不得申请卫生许可证，卫生行政部门不予受理。

第四章 卫生许可证的管理
第二十五条 卫生许可证应当载明：单位名称、地址、许可范围、法定代表人或者业主、许可证编号、有效期限、发证机关（加盖公章）及发证日期等内容。
实施食品卫生监督量化分级管理制度并确定食品卫生信誉度等级的，应当在卫生许可证上加贴食品卫生等级标志。
第二十六条 卫生许可证载明的单位名称应当与工商部门核准的名称一致；单位注册地地址与生产地地址不同的，填写地址时应当分别标明。
第二十七条 卫生许可证由卫生部统一规定式样。
卫生许可证有效期为四年，临时从事食品生产经营活动的单位和个人的卫生许可证的有效期不超过半年。
第二十八条 卫生许可证编号格式为：（省、自治区、直辖市简称）卫食证字〔发证年份〕第XXXXXX-YYYYYY号（XXXXXX指行政区域代码，YYYYYY指本行政区域发证顺序编号）。
第二十九条 同一食品生产经营者在两个以上（含两个）地点从事食品生产经营活动的，应当分别申领卫生许可证。
第三十条 食品生产经营者改变生产经营地址的，应当重新申请并办理卫生许可证。
食品生产经营者变更卫生许可证其他内容的，应当按照省级卫生行政部门的有关规定办理相应的变更手续。
对生产工艺、主要设备改变或者原生产经营场所进行扩建或者改建的，卫生行政部门在予以变更前应当进行现场实地审查。
第三十一条 食品生产经营者需要延续卫生许可证的，应当在卫生许可证有效期届满前60日内向原发证机关提出申请。
同意延续卫生许可证的，原编号不变，有效期为四年。
逾期提出延续申请的，按新申请卫生许可证办理。
第三十二条 食品生产经营者遗失卫生许可证的，应当于遗失后60日内向卫生行政部门申请补办。
第三十三条 食品生产经营者在卫生许可证有效期内，停止食品生产经营活动一年以上的，卫生许可证自动失效并由原发证机关注销。
第三十四条 委托生产加工食品的，受委托方应当符合下列条件：
（一） 取得卫生许可证；
（二） 受委托生产加工的食品品种在其获得的许可范围内；
（三） 食品卫生信誉度等级达到A级。
第三十五条 委托生产加工的食品，其产品最小销售包装、标签和说明书上应当分别标明委托方、受委托方的企业名称、生产地址和卫生许可证号。
第三十六条 食品生产经营者取得卫生许可证后，应当妥善保管，不得转让、涂改、出借、倒卖、出租或者以其它非法形式转让。
食品生产经营者应当在明显位置悬挂或者摆放卫生许可证，方便消费者监督。

第五章 监督检查
第三十七条 上级卫生行政部门应当加强对下级卫生行政部门发放卫生许可证的监督检查，发现下级卫生行政部门违反规定发放卫生许可证的，应当责令下级卫生行政部门限期纠正或者直接予以纠正。
第三十八条 卫生行政部门及其工作人员履行卫生许可证发放职责，应当自觉接受食品生产经营单位和个人以及社会的监督。
卫生行政部门接到举报内部工作人员违反规定发放卫生许可证的，应当及时进行核实；对情况属实的，应当立即纠正。
第三十九条 卫生行政部门及其工作人员违反本办法规定发放卫生许可证的，由上级卫生行政部门责令改正，对有关卫生行政部门可以给予限期整改、通报批评；对有关工作人员，可以给予批评教育、离岗培训、调离执法岗位、取消执法资格等处理；情节严重，造成严重后果的，依法给予行政处分；涉嫌犯罪的，移送司法机关处理。
追究有关人员行政责任时，按照下列原则：
（一）申请人不符合卫生许可证发放条件，承办人出具申请人符合卫生许可证发放条件的意见的，追究承办人行政责任；
（二）承办人认为申请人不符合卫生许可证发放条件，主管领导仍然批准发放卫生许可证的，追究主管领导行政责任。
承办人和主管领导均有过错的，主要追究主管领导行政责任。
第四十条 县级以上地方人民政府卫生行政部门应当根据发放的卫生许可证，建立食品生产经营者监管档案，加强对被许可人从事食品生产经营活动的监督检查，并按照规定要求做好监督检查情况和处理结果等记录的归档工作。
第四十一条 卫生行政部门对食品生产经营者进行监督检查，应当严格遵守相关法律、法规和规章的规定；按照食品卫生监督量化分级管理的要求，实行动态管理。
第四十二条 卫生行政部门发现被许可人不符合卫生许可证发放条件时，应当责令改正；被许可人有主管部门的，应当通报其主管部门督促整改。
按照规定，对违法行为应当依法进行行政处罚的，卫生行政部门应当及时作出行政处罚。
对无证无照的食品生产经营者，卫生行政部门应当积极配合工商等行政部门予以取缔。
第四十三条 有下列情形之一的，作出发放卫生许可证决定的卫生行政部门或者其上级卫生行政部门，可以撤销卫生许可证：
（一）卫生行政部门工作人员滥用职权，玩忽职守，给不符合
条件的申请人发放食品卫生许可证的；
（二）卫生行政部门工作人员超越法定职权发放食品卫生许可证的；
（三）卫生行政部门工作人员违反法定程序发放食品卫生许可证的；
（四）依法可以撤销发放食品卫生许可证决定的其他情形。
被许可人以欺骗、贿赂等不正当手段取得食品卫生许可证的，应当予以撤销。
卫生行政部门依照本条第一款规定撤销食品卫生许可证，对食品生产经营者的合法权益造成损害的，应当依法予以赔偿。
第四十四条 有下列情形之一的，卫生行政部门应当依法注销卫生许可证：
（一） 卫生许可证有效期届满未延续的；
（二） 食品生产经营者依法终止的；
（三） 卫生许可证依法被撤销、撤回或者卫生许可证依法被吊
销的；
（四）依法应当注销卫生许可证的其他情形。
第四十五条 违反本办法，根据《食品卫生法》等有关法律法规予以处罚。

第六章 附 则
第四十六条 本办法自2006年6月1日起施行。以往发布的有关规定与本办法不一致的，以本办法为准。